Email marketing is continually evolving as subscriber preferences shift toward more personalized experiences. On average, 99% of people check their email every day, and the average email open rate is 17.61%.

However, that doesn’t guarantee your email will make the cut. Several factors impact email deliverability, opens, clicks, and conversions. So, what’s the first step to keeping your email KPIs strong? A clean email list. Clean email lists (with a great email marketing strategy behind them) will keep your email engagement high and your unsubscribe and spam rates low.

1. Limit unsubscribes.

The more people on your email list, the higher the likelihood that some have lost interest in your email. It happens. It could be a good idea to review engagement and remove any subscribers who no longer seem interested before they hit the unsubscribe button.

2. Decrease spam complaints.

Spam complaints are bad for your reputation with ESPs. If your emails are constantly marked as spam, your ESP might flag your account for sending unwanted solicitations. If this happens too often, your deliverability rate can suffer.

3. Improve deliverability.

The cleaner your list is, the greater the number of subscribers who want to open it. On the other hand, a list full of people who don’t engage, have changed their email address, or worse, never opted in will result in spam filters and bounces — both of which can hurt your deliverability.

4. Improve a reduced open rate.

Quality over quantity is the goal here. If you start to see your open rate decline, take a look at your list and check for inactive subscribers. Of course, you’ll want to attempt a reengagement campaign before removing them. If that doesn’t work, you should consider retaining only your active subscribers.

5. Keep costs down.

Many ESPs tier their pricing by the number of emails you send. In order to keep your costs down, you’ll want to remove the subscribers who are receiving your emails and never opening them.

All of these add up to one big red flag — your email subscribers aren’t engaged (or aren’t getting your emails). When people unsubscribe from your email list they are actively opting out of receiving your emails. If several of your emails get marked as spam, your deliverability rates will suffer.

Open and click through rates tell you how many of your subscribers are opening the email you sent, clicking on a link, and ultimately, if they’re interested in the content you’re sharing.

Making sure your email lists are clean and targeting the right audience increases your ROI and decreases the chances of your marketing emails being flagged as spam. Cleaning up your email lists gives you a better chance to reach and engage your audience.

You also want to consider the number of subscribers coming in every quarter — if it’s high, you might want to check your lists more often. If you’re seeing a high number of bounces, then that’s an indicator that it’s time to clean your email list.

Every company is different so clean up can happen monthly, quarterly, bi-annually, or annually but it should be done at least once a year.

1. Identify disengaged subscribers.

Before you scrub your list, you’ll want to identify whether a subscriber is truly inactive or simply disengaged. The former could mean you’ll need to remove them, while the latter might mean you still have a chance to win them over. A disengaged subscriber might just need some more targeted marketing to refresh their interest in your emails. After all, they did subscribe to your list at some point.

To do this, you’ll need to set some criteria for what “disengaged” means. Have they not opened an email in three months? One year? Have they not engaged with any campaigns? Have they not clicked on any links in six months?

Once you’ve identified your disengaged subscribers, you’ll want to place them in a separate list, filter for common themes, and identify a strategy to pique their interest. That could mean a discount code, a personalized subject line, or some other engagement strategy. The point is: before you write off these subscribers, give reengagement your best shot.

If reengagement doesn’t work, then you can truly mark the subscriber as disengaged and inactive.

2. Identify reasons for bounces.

Bounce rates are terrible for email deliverability, but not all bounces are created equal. There’s a difference between a hard bounce and a soft bounce. The former is a permanent issue, like an inactive email, and the latter is a temporary problem, like a full inbox.

You’ll need to remove emails that have a hard bounce, but keep an eye on soft bounces, as the problem could resolve over time.

3. Check for spam filters.

You’ll want to remove any subscribers that mark your email as spam immediately. Spam filters hurt your deliverability and your reputation. If a subscriber no longer finds your emails helpful, or worse, sees them as spam, then it’s best to part ways by removing them from your list.

4. Clear out inactive subscribers.

The final step in cleaning out your email list is to create separate lists for all the categories above and remove the emails from your list that are no longer active. It might be hard to part ways with these emails, but, in the end, you’re doing your deliverability and engagement rates a huge favor.

1. Make sure your list has good hygiene.

The key to a squeaky clean list is to have a great routine and stick with it. Create a schedule for cleaning up your lists by looking at your data quantity and quality. This will determine how often you will have to clean your list. No matter how big your list, if most of your subscribers are not interacting with your emails, it is time to assess why.

When looking through your email lists, check for duplicates, typos, and email addresses that have the word “spam” in them so that your emails are getting sent to the right person and are not bouncing. ”

2. Consider using double opt-ins.

A double opt-in is a way to ensure that your subscribers truly want your email. Here’s how it works: once a user submits their information to a form on your site, an email is sent to confirm their subscription. This does a few things: it gets them used to opening your emails, it signals to their email provider that your emails should not be automatically marked as spam, and it gives you an opportunity to ask them to save your contact info so emails don’t get lost. All around, a win.

3. Manage bounce rate.

Bounced emails happen when there is a typo in the email address, if the email no longer exists, or for a number of other reasons. Checking for bounced emails can increase your deliverability and email ROI. Email bounces are broken down into two categories: soft and hard bounces.

A soft bounce is a temporary deliverability problem, such as a full inbox or a server that is down. Resending emails to these addresses can be beneficial because they can go through eventually.

A hard bounce happens due to permanent deliverability problems, such as an invalid email address. When you have hard bounces it is imperative to remove these addresses from your lists to keep your Email Service Providers (ESPs) happy. ESPs track the number of bounces you generate with each send and use it when determining your email credibility. Getting too many hard bounces is equivalent to people automatically putting your emails in the Spam folder.

4. Use automation.

Marketing automation is for emails, too. You can have your CRM automatically send subscribers to certain lists (or tag them) based on their actions. Remember when we discussed moving inactive subscribers to a separate list? Well, instead of doing this manually, you can set up an automation that does this for you and triggers a reengagement campaign. Another way you can use automation is to remove subscribers from email workflows or campaigns that are no longer applicable to them.

5. Provide an “opt down” option.

Have an “opt down” option in addition to an “opt out” option. An “opt down” option lets your subscribers choose how often and which emails they want to receive from you. Unfortunately, subscribers can forget that they subscribed to your email lists, increasing the chance that they will delete, unsubscribe, or put you straight in the Spam folder — all undesirable outcomes. Providing an “Opt Down” option provides an opportunity for the subscriber to stay on your list without the overwhelm of receiving correspondence they don’t want.

6. Understand your email audience.

Before cleaning out your email list, take stock of how much your current audience aligns with your ideal audience. Look for ways to re-engage inactive subscribers by separating them into lists based on their interests and demographics. For example, you could create engaging welcome emails for new subscribers or whip up a discount campaign for older subscribers. Having multiple lists helps you to create campaigns that’ll drive conversion rates up.

All in all, the success of email marketing campaigns should not be measured by the number of subscribers but by the quality of the subscribers and the actions they take as a result of your email. Therefore, it’s better to deploy campaigns to 20,000 active and engaged people than it is to blast the email to 30,000 people if half of them don’t care, will delete it, or worse, report it as spam.

7. Remove inactive subscribers.

Inactive subscribers are those who do not open, click, or engage in your emails in any form. Having engaged subscribers will always be beneficial to your conversion rates, so by removing inactive subscribers you will drive up your open and click through rates for your campaigns.

Before you remove inactive subscribers permanently you can try sending them one last email campaign that could be a feedback campaign to see what will re-engage them. If all fails you’ll need to permanently delete them as subscribers to not hurt your email deliverability and conversion rates.

Start Cleaning Out That Email List

Email marketing is essential to any industry and doing a routine clean up can be beneficial to your company’s data reports and conversion rates. As long as you’re performing routine clean ups, maintaining your open and click through rates, managing bounce and spam rates, and engaging your lists with targeted emails of their interest, you will always have a squeaky clean email list.

Editor’s note: This post was originally published in October 2011 and has been updated for comprehensiveness.

How may iron-deficiency anaemia be avoided and treated during pregnancy? Iron is typically included in the ingredient list of prenatal vitamins. Pregnant women can benefit from taking an iron-fortified prenatal vitamin to help prevent and treat iron-deficiency anaemia.

How is iron-deficiency anaemia during pregnancy treated?

However, the American Pregnancy Association reports that between 15% and 25% of pregnant women in the United States suffer from iron deficiency, commonly referred to as anaemia.

Due to the low risks, this is the easiest time to restore your iron levels when pregnant (not including any people suffering from any severe symptoms of iron deficiency or iron-deficiency anaemia).

Anaemia can arise if you do not receive enough iron or if your iron level is already low. This can contribute to exhaustion throughout pregnancy and may increase your risk of premature birth, low birth weight, and postpartum depression if the condition is severe.

Why do you need iron during pregnancy?

If you’re considering becoming pregnant, you should consider taking a blood booster both before and throughout your pregnancy. It contains the highest quality iron as well as significant amounts of methylated folate and coenzyme b12 methylcobalamin, all of which are necessary for a healthy pregnancy. All three are present in this vitamin supplement.

When pregnant women’s iron levels are low, they may suffer tiredness, nausea, dizziness, and lightheadedness. When you are pregnant, you require a robust immune system to defend you against the numerous illnesses that occur throughout the course of the pregnancy.

During pregnancy, folic acid and iron needs rise. This is because it has been demonstrated that folic acid reduces the incidence of neural tube defects in pregnant women. These birth defects impair the foetus’s brain and spinal cord.

How much iron do pregnant women need?

Iron deficiency anaemia is particularly prevalent in menstruating women, adolescents, pregnant women, athletes, and recent blood donors. Iron supplements are typically considered safe for all of these categories.

Pregnant women should aim to consume 27 milligrammes of iron each day. After it exits the digestive tract, the body absorbs just 4 mg of this.

Anaemia in pregnant women can be caused by an iron deficiency, which increases the risk of complications during birth. Mothers who smoke may also experience low birth weight and maybe impaired growth and development later in life.

Ways to get enough iron in pregnancy

As your pregnancy advances, try adding additional iron to your diet through enjoyable and simple alternatives that you can integrate into your daily meals and snacks.

Doctors routinely prescribe iron supplements after the third month of pregnancy. Notify your doctor immediately if this is the case so that he or she can monitor your iron and haemoglobin levels at frequent checks and inform you whether and when you should begin taking iron supplements while pregnant.

Do you need iron supplements during pregnancy?

Make an appointment with your doctor to get your iron levels evaluated prior to taking an iron supplement. This will assist in ensuring that you receive the nutrients you require. There are various unfavourable health consequences associated with non-essential iron supplementation. As a worst-case situation, this might include impaired growth in children and unborn children.

For women with mild to severe anaemia in the first or second trimester of pregnancy (up to 28 weeks gestation), the best treatment is dietary adjustments and oral iron supplementation.

Iron supplements should be taken by a healthy pregnant woman to ensure that she has enough iron in her system to fulfil her body’s increased need for minerals during pregnancy.

Iron deficiency during pregnancy

The second trimester of pregnancy sees an increase in red blood cell production to satisfy the demands of both you and your unborn child. Iron is the molecular building block of every red blood cell. Because your body is incapable of synthesising iron, you must obtain it from the diet.

Iron deficiency can result in tiredness and weakness in women who suffer from anaemia during pregnancy.

When pregnant, your risk of developing iron-deficiency anaemia increases, which is a condition in which your body does not have enough healthy red blood cells to transfer adequate oxygen to all of your body’s tissues.

Iron is used to synthesise haemoglobin, a protein present in red blood cells that transports oxygen to your tissues. Pregnancy requires pregnant women to consume double the amount of iron as nonpregnant women. Your body needs this iron to make more blood, which in turn supplies oxygen to your unborn kid. According to the Mayo Clinic, you may develop iron-deficiency anaemia if you do not have appropriate iron stores or do not acquire enough iron while pregnant.

Iron deficiency anaemia is extremely widespread, especially in developing nations, and has now become a global epidemic. A deficiency of iron in the mother during pregnancy is one of the most prevalent causes of anaemia in infants and young children. Many pregnant women do not obtain the appropriate quantity of iron. Iron deficiency anaemia and maternal iron deficiency have been associated with reduced IQ in infants and young children.

Up to 52% of pregnant women in developing nations are in danger.

Anaemia in childhood increases the risk of developing iron-deficiency anaemia later in life due to decreased iron stores. Prematurity and early weaning from breastfeeding exacerbate the risk further due to depleted iron levels.

How much iron is too much?

Although it may seem improbable, consuming excessive amounts of iron may be lethal, especially if done by a child. As a result, keep iron supplements out of children’s reach at all times.

With a well-balanced diet, the majority of people who are not pregnant should have little difficulty obtaining the iron they require. Consume caution not to take too much iron if you utilise supplements.

It is unlikely that taking iron supplements in dosages of 17mg or less per day would have any adverse consequences. However, if your doctor indicates that you should continue taking a higher dose, do so.

Iron poisoning can occur over time as a result of excessive iron supplementation or as a result of a single overdose. In certain persons, as little as 10 to 20 mg/kg of iron might cause poisoning symptoms. A dose of this medication of more than 40 mg/kg is considered hazardous, and doses up to 60 mg/kg are regarded lethal.

Consuming an excessive amount of iron may be detrimental to the gastrointestinal system. Symptoms of iron poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and stomach pain. Iron can accumulate in the body’s organs over time, causing fatal liver or brain damage.

Good sources of heme iron

Iron is classified into two types: heme iron and non-heme iron. Heme iron is methyl iron, which is found only in muscle and blood.

Only animal items such as meat and poultry, as well as fish and lean muscle, contain heme iron.

Heme iron is more readily absorbed than non-heme iron by the body. As a result, some vegans and vegetarians may struggle to get an adequate amount of iron each day.

It is necessary for the formation of red blood cells, which transport oxygen throughout the body. Additionally, it aids in cognitive function, energy metabolism, and the production of red blood cells.

Good sources of non-heme iron

Meals made with lentils are high in non-heme iron. This kind of iron is found in large amounts in dried fruits such as apricots and raisins.

For many years, non-heme iron has been added to meals by the additive approach. Americans consume a variety of iron-fortified meals on a daily basis. This category includes bread, cereals, and baby formula.

What are some of the best iron supplements?

On Amazon, for example, “Slow Fe Iron Tablets” have a longer half-life and are hence less prone to induce adverse effects in the gut.

Feosol Bifera Iron Caplets from Amazon contain both heme and non-heme iron, which helps absorption while having the fewest adverse effects on the digestive system.

Vegans may choose the “MegaFood Blood Builder Minis,” which contain 25 milligrammes of iron and vitamin C per serving of two tablets to aid with absorption.

For those seeking an organic choice, New Chapter Iron Complex Tablets include 9 milligrammes of whole food fermented ferrous fumarate iron per tablet, along with strong probiotics in the form of lactic acid bacteria. These, too, should assist in preventing gastrointestinal problems.

What is dietary iron?

Iron deficiency can be caused by a variety of factors, including an iron-deficient diet, inadequate consumption, and a wide range of bioavailability (due to the presence of dietary iron absorption inhibitors).

Due to the rapid development of youngsters at this age, they have considerable iron requirements. This, along with a diet poor in iron-rich foods, results in a diet deficient in iron-rich foods.

What does iron do?

Many people are interested in the health advantages of iron. Your body may move in unison as a consequence of the transmission of nerve signals as a result of iron. If you do not provide enough iron to your body, you will develop a range of health problems, including anaemia. Continue reading to discover more about iron’s functions and how to regulate your iron consumption.

Iron is a critical mineral since it aids in the delivery of oxygen to all of the body’s cells. Iron is essential for the mitotic cell cycle process. When cells divide, they produce extra identical cells with the same number of chromosomes as the originals.

The red colour of red blood cells is due to haemoglobin, a protein contained in them. Iron plays a critical role in the formation of haemoglobin. Iron in the blood assists in the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and organs.

If the iron in haemoglobin is depleted, your body will be unable to produce enough oxygen-carrying red blood cells.

How to take iron supplements

A low haemoglobin level indicates that you may require iron supplements if your reserves have been depleted. It’s not only about feeding two people when pregnant; your blood supply grows to meet the increased demand.

Women should be educated about oral iron supplements and how to use them properly. This should be taken on an empty stomach with water or a vitamin C source.

How to choose an iron supplement

Make an attempt to educate yourself about the many types of iron supplements available. Iron is offered in the form of pills, capsules, or liquid. Additionally, you can take an iron supplement that gradually releases iron over time, such as a once-daily pill. With the exception of baby drops and specialised supplements, the majority of iron supplements are accessible over the counter.

Ascertain if the supplement contains an adequate amount of elemental iron. Rather than total strength, the amount of elemental iron should be examined (or mass). The amount of iron that may be absorbed by your body is referred to as the elemental iron content.

Bear in mind that depending on where you acquire the product, the iron content may be labelled as ferrous sulphate, ferrous fumarate, or ferrous gluconate. Concentrations of iron sulphate or fumarate in the mg range may be used to determine elemental iron levels. The ferrous fumarate contains the highest concentration of elemental iron of the three (around 33 percent ).

To get the most bang for your money, or in this case, elemental iron, you want a supplement that is easy to take and devoid of side effects.

If your doctor diagnoses you with anaemia, he or she will likely prescribe an iron supplement. Additionally, you may take over-the-counter iron supplements, but it’s critical to pick the correct type.

You may also find the following article useful https://totalypregnant.com/iron-supplement-pregnancy/

Disclaimer: This article is for informational research only. It is not medical advice. Always seek medical advice in the first instance.

The Article Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy -Prevention and Treatment was found on https://limitsofstrategy.com

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On your way to your seat at the Local Feast, they follow you around like a bad smell.  You toil to build a great page or resource on your site, and two days later they’ve copied it.  You put research and brain cells into your title tags, internal links, GMB categories, and citations, only to spare your competitor all that effort.  You get hard-earned reviews from happy customers, and then your competitor’s “customers” happen to write reviews on the same experiences.  In addition to stealing everything but your cattle, they may spam the map and diss you whenever anyone is listening.  Google won’t do much about any of it.

Copycats can get far, but only so far.  It’s like in chess, where a bad player can copy a grandmaster’s every move until the game-ending move.  In general, competitors who rip off your local SEO strategy will stop only once it backfires or otherwise stops working.  Between you and them, it’s a war of attrition.  You can outlast them.  The only question is how much they bleed out of you in the meantime.

What many business owners and SEOs don’t seem to realize is that, although you can’t stop competitors from ripping you off, you can make their strategy much less effective.  You do that by putting extra effort into certain parts that competitors can’t haul away  – what I like to call “protective moats” around your business.

What are some of those protective moats?  Here’s what I would consider the short list:

1. Your best links. Even if your competitors know of the specific good links you have doesn’t mean they (a) know how you pulled them off, (b) would be willing or able to put in the work you did to make those links possible, or (c) would see the same results. Of course, cheap-o directory links or links that require nothing more than payment/donations/dues are easy for your competitors to replicate (not that they’ll help either of you much).  But your finest, hardest-to-get links?  You probably have at least a few that took you (and maybe a helper) serious work to get, or that were the byproducts of years of work that you did without even thinking of the link.  Your competitors would have a very hard time landing those, and collectively they’re probably one of the major factors that have helped you in the local search results so far.

2. Your offerings: services, products, or treatments. Just as some competitors are too lazy to market without ripping you off, they probably didn’t learn their trade as well as you have, and therefore can’t help customers/clients/patients in all the ways you can. You offer services or products, or perform treatments, or handle cases that they can’t.  Is it possible they could claim to offer those things and then do a bait-n’-switch on customers?  Yes, but then they’ll lose business, get torched in the reviews, lose more business, divert energy away from marketing the services they do offer, and possibly get into legal trouble.  The fulfillment part matters.  Meanwhile, your great range of offerings will help your visibility for niche or long-tail search terms, on top of giving you extra side-door ways to rank for the broader, most-competitive terms. (Relevant post: “Spin-off Pages: a Bazooka for Your Local SEO.”)

3. “Practitioner” or “department” Google My Business pages. If you’re a dental practice with a pediatric dentist, that dentist can have his or her own GMB page.  With a little work on it and more work on the site (particularly on the landing page), that GMB page can rank for a whole range of “kids’ dentists” terms. The dental practice without the pediatric specialist has no such advantage.  The same is true if you’re a law firm with multiple attorneys, each with somewhat differing specialties, and one attorney specializes in immigration law: He or she can have a GMB page that ranks for “immigration lawyer” terms on top of whatever terms the main practice’s GMB page (or other attorneys’ GMB pages) rank for.  If you primarily sell widgets, but you also have a distinct area of your store where you repair widgets and another where you rent out widgets, then one or more of those could justify your having an additional GMB page for each department.  Unless your competitors have the same kind of staff or the same department, they can’t have those additional GMB pages – or the additional visibility.

4. Your location. Even though it’s not hard to create and verify a Google My Business page at a bogus address, it may be logistically impossible or prohibitively tough for your competitors to verify GMB pages at your location. Even if they could get their own map pin right in your building, there is a good chance they’d be filtered out of the local map.

5. Awards, certifications, and publicity. Certain distinctions often bring with them visibility for you on sites that may be big in your industry or your local market, and that themselves rank well in Google.They may also bring you good links, referral traffic, unstructured reviews, bragging rights, and branding power, which often are the raw materials of effective SEO.  The fruit salad you earned may be the results of focused and intensive work, or the results of many years in the trenches.  Your competitor can start at the beginning, the way you did, but because a third party had to give you your props, for now there is nothing for your competitor to grab.

6. Videos. If a video features your smiling visage, shows your business or branding, features your customers, or in general demonstrates how great you are, not only is it hard or impossible for a competitor to lift or edit, but also no competitor would want the video that results. Videos are inherently hard to rip off, which may be one reason that even all these years it’s still not all that hard to get them to rank for pretty competitive local search terms.

7. Persuasive reviews. Competitors can easily write or buy sock-puppet reviews, or fake their reviews in other ways. But those reviews usually won’t appear credible even on the surface, and will look even shadier when would-be customers look up who the “reviewers” are – none of whom seems to be a real person whose life can be researched a little through Google-fu.  Competitors can cook up reviews, but not authenticity. (Relevant post: “The Perfect Stack of Online Reviews: How Does Your Local Business Measure up?”)

—

There are always ants at a picnic, and you can assume some of your food will disappear or start marching away.  But if you pack enough food that the ants can’t or won’t eat, you’ll have plenty for yourself.

My advice is to spend less of your time belching out citations, writing blog posts nobody will read, and checking rank-trackers, and more time on the moving parts we covered.

What are other aspects of local SEO that competitors can’t pick up and drag off?

Any first-hand stories about competitors who lifted your material or strategy?

Leave a comment!